APPROACH USING F-LOC F-G/S GUIDANCE (PRO-NOR-SOP-18-C P 16/50)

As aviation professionals, we adhere to stringent protocols and procedures to ensure safe and efficient operations during all phases of flight, including approach and landing. In this article, we will delve into the intricate details of two distinct approaches: the F-LOC F-G/S (FMS Landing System) guidance approach and the final approach using guidance from the final approach (APP).

The F-LOC F-G/S approach, governed by protocol PRO-NOR-SOP-18-C Page 16/50, is a sophisticated system that relies on the Flight Management System (FMS) for precise navigation and landing guidance. This method integrates advanced technology to provide pilots with accurate lateral and vertical guidance during the approach phase, facilitating a smooth transition from the en route phase to landing.

One of the key aspects of the F-LOC F-G/S approach is its reliance on the FMS for guidance, which leverages GPS and other navigational aids to establish and maintain the aircraft's position relative to the designated approach path. This enables pilots to navigate with precision, even in adverse weather conditions or low visibility environments.

In contrast, the final approach using guidance from the final approach (APP), outlined in protocol PRO-NOR-SOP-18-C Page 23/50, follows a more traditional approach method. During this phase, pilots rely on guidance provided by ground-based navigation aids such as Instrument Landing Systems (ILS) or visual references to establish and maintain the correct flight path towards the runway.

One crucial consideration during both types of approaches is the requirement for precise barometric altimeter settings. The vertical guidance provided during the approach phase is contingent upon accurate altitude measurements, which are influenced by the atmospheric pressure at the aircraft's altitude. To ensure consistency and accuracy, pilots must ensure that the barometric settings on their altimeters are correctly calibrated.

Furthermore, maintaining consistency between altimeters is paramount to ensure the safety and integrity of the approach. A maximum allowable discrepancy of 100 feet between altimeters is established to mitigate the risk of altitude-related errors during critical phases of flight.

In conclusion, both the F-LOC F-G/S and final approach using APP guidance approaches play vital roles in modern aviation operations, providing pilots with the necessary tools and guidance to execute safe and efficient landings. By adhering to established protocols and procedures, pilots can navigate complex airspace and challenging weather conditions with confidence and precision, ensuring the safety of passengers and crew alike.

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The implementation of the F-LOC F-G/S guidance and the Final Approach (APP) guidance is a critical aspect of ensuring precise and safe landings. Let's delve into the details of these approaches:

F-LOC F-G/S Guidance (FMS Landing System)

1. Overview:
   • F-LOC F-G/S refers to the Final Approach Localizer and Glide Slope guidance provided by the Flight Management System (FMS) during landing.
   • The system ensures the aircraft aligns correctly with the runway's centerline (Localizer) and descends along the optimal glide path (Glide Slope).
2. Procedure:
   • Pilots follow the guidance provided by the FMS to execute a stabilized approach during the final phase of landing.
   • Precise coordination with air traffic control is crucial to ensure a safe separation from other aircraft during this critical phase.
3. Barometric Setting:
   • The vertical guidance provided by F-LOC F-G/S relies on accurate barometric pressure settings.
   • The BARO setting is critical for altitude calculations during the descent phase.
   • A maximum allowable discrepancy of 100 ft between altimeters is specified to maintain accuracy.
4. Instrumentation:
   • Altimeters must be calibrated and cross-checked to ensure consistent readings.
   • Flight crews must be trained on the proper use of F-LOC F-G/S guidance, including understanding and inputting the correct barometric settings.

Final Approach Guidance (APP Guidance)

1. Overview:
   • Final Approach Guidance refers to the phase of landing where the aircraft is approaching the runway for touchdown.
   • The guidance system assists in maintaining the correct descent path and alignment with the runway.
2. Procedure:
   • Pilots follow the guidance cues provided by the APP system, which may include radio signals, visual aids, and data from the aircraft's navigation systems.
   • The Final Approach Fix (FAF) marks the beginning of this phase, and pilots transition from en-route navigation to the precision approach.
3. Barometric Setting:
   • Similar to F-LOC F-G/S, precise barometric pressure settings are crucial for accurate altitude control during the final approach.
   • Cross-checks and verification of barometric settings are performed to ensure consistency and adherence to the specified standards.
4. Altitude Discrepancy:
   • A maximum acceptable discrepancy of 100 ft between altimeters is mandated to maintain vertical guidance accuracy during the final approach.

In conclusion, the successful implementation of F-LOC F-G/S and Final Approach Guidance requires a meticulous approach to barometric setting, instrument calibration, and adherence to specified altitude tolerances. The engineering team plays a vital role in designing and maintaining the systems that enable these precise and safe landing procedures.